France

Explanation

France is presented as the cultural and epistemological environment that contributed to the formation of Mohammed Arkoun’s intellectual outlook. In this source, it also represents a space of educational and intellectual modernity that shaped his methodological tools and his perspective on Orientalism and critical reading.

Referred to in

• The French Revolution became, for Arkoun, an example of the transformation of political consciousness
• The French climate contributed to shaping Arkoun’s intellectual tools
• The influence of the French climate on his formation
• The school textbook history of France was apologetic